montevideo uruguay wiki

The dramatic shift, taking less than ten years and without government funding, lowered electricity costs and slashed the country's carbon footprint. Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabaré Vázquez. [134], Football is the most popular sport in Uruguay. Low commodity prices and economic difficulties in Uruguay's main export markets (starting in Brazil with the devaluation of the real, then in Argentina in 2002), caused a severe recession; the economy contracted by 11%, unemployment climbed to 21%, and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty rose to over 30%. There are several interpretations, including "bird-river" ("the river of the urú", via Charruan, urú being a common noun of any wild fowl). Government forces emerged victorious, leading to the end of the co-participation politics that had begun in 1872. Sanguinetti was then re-elected in 1994. [55], Uruguay adopted its current constitution in 1967. [131] Popular bands of the Uruguayan Invasion sang in English. [22] Earlier settlers had migrated from Argentina. [46], Vázquez, who assumed the government in March 2005, created the Ministry of Social Development and sought to reduce the country's poverty rate with a $240 million National Plan to Address the Social Emergency (PANES), which provided a monthly conditional cash transfer of approximately $75 to over 100,000 households in extreme poverty. Montevideo is the southernmost capital city in the Americas, and the third most southerly in the world (only Canberra and Wellington are further south). [11] It tops the rank of absence of terrorism, a unique position within South America. Besides football, the most popular sport in Uruguay is basketball. [46], President Mujica backed Venezuela's bid to join Mercosur. In response to the annexation, the Thirty-Three Orientals, led by Juan Antonio Lavalleja, declared independence on 25 August 1825 supported by the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (present-day Argentina). Montevideo presents to the visitor a bohemian atmosphere that is deep in culture and tradition. Uruguay: Department: Montevideo: Founded: 1724: Founded by: Bruno Mauricio de Zabala : Government • Type: Strong mayor • Intendant: Daniel Martínez: Area • Capital city: 201 km 2 (77.5 sq mi) • Metro. [22] Other modern Uruguayan writers include Mario Levrero, Sylvia Lago, Jorge Majfud, and Jesús Moraes. [79] Some newspapers are owned by, or linked to, the main political parties. [23], The documented inhabitants of Uruguay before European colonization of the area were the Charrúa, a small tribe driven south by the Guarani of Paraguay. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. The Uruguayan parties received support from warring political factions in neighbouring Argentina, which became involved in Uruguayan affairs. Uruguay is ranked first in Latin America in democracy, peace, low perception of corruption,[11] e-government,[12] and is first in South America when it comes to press freedom, size of the middle class and prosperity. in Strategic Analysis, 41(1): 74–86, First in Latin America on two out of three basic dimensions of the, "Eastern Republic of Uruguay" is the official name used in many, legalizing the production, sale and consumption of cannabis, British army attempted to seize Buenos Aires and Montevideo, International Military Education and Training, United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Administración de Ferrocarriles del Estado, http://www.citypopulation.de/Uruguay.html, "Latinobarómetro 1995 – 2017: El Papa Francisco y la Religión en Chile y América Latina", "Estimaciones y Proyecciones - Instituto Nacional de Estadística", Resultados del Censo de Población 2011: población, crecimiento y estructura por sexo y edad, "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects – Uruguay", "Uruguay and the memory of the Charrúa tribe", "Uruguay has shifted to getting 95% of its electricity from renewables in less than 10 years", "Uruguay and the memory of the Charrúa tribe – ThePrisma.co.uk", "THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE, 1811–30 – Uruguay", "BEGINNINGS OF INDEPENDENT LIFE, 1830–52 – Uruguay", "THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL, 1852–75 – Uruguay", "Caudillos and Political Stability – Uruguay", "Evolution of the Economy and Society – Uruguay", "THE CONSERVATIVE ADJUSTMENT, 1931–43 – Uruguay", "Baldomir and the End of Dictatorship – Uruguay", "Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations", "Uruguay elects José Mujica as president, polls show", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY — Boletín Meteorológico Mensual – Dirección Nacional de Meteorología, "Uruguay's Constitution of 1966, Reinstated in 1985, with Amendments through 2004", "The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2012", "Censos 2011 – Instituto Nacional de Estadistica", "Uruguay marks distance from Argentina: UK does not come to plunder resources", "Mujica praises Argentina/Uruguay common past; calls for an end to 'ports' war, ''Clarín'': Hay 115 casos de dermatitis en un balneario ubicado frente a Botnia, "Uruguay and Argentina implement "scientific" accord for joint monitoring", Brazil and Uruguay step closer to integration, "Chavez and Mujica Meet and Sign Numerous Bilateral Agreements", Uruguay To Lift Ban On Gays In The Military, "Uruguayan Major General appointed head of UN mission in India and Pakistan", "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. Venezuela has a deal to sell Uruguay up to 40,000 barrels of oil a day under preferential terms. [51], Located entirely within a temperate zone, Uruguay has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide. It is situated on the east bank of the Rio de la Plata and is the southernmost capital city in South America. In 1811, José Gervasio Artigas, who became Uruguay's national hero, launched a successful revolt against the Spanish authorities, defeating them on 18 May at the Battle of Las Piedras. [14] Uruguay will be potentially among the main winners after the global transition to renewable energy is completed and is ranked no. An alleged CIA-backed campaign of political repression and state terror involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents. Among the visitors was Jorge Batlle, then President of Uruguay. The Montevideo Uruguay Temple is the 103rd operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and the 1st temple completed in Uruguay (2001). [33], The constitutional government of General Lorenzo Batlle y Grau (1868–72) suppressed the Revolution of the Lances by the Blancos. It borders Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, with the Río de la Plata (Silver River) to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. [127], Uruguayan culture is strongly European and its influences from southern Europe are particularly important. It currently participates in the Uruguayan Segunda División Profesional following their relegation at the end of the 2019 season. [22] One of the most famous tangos, "La cumparsita" (1917), was written by the Uruguayan composer Gerardo Matos Rodríguez. [56][57] Many of its provisions were suspended in 1973, but re-established in 1985. It remained subject to foreign influence and intervention throughout the 19th century, with the military playing a recurring role in domestic politics. On his first day in office in March 1985, Sanguinetti re-established complete freedom of the press. By 2001, Uruguay had 73,000 members and a temple. [133] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. [99] Namely, 17 destinations in Argentina[note 1]; 12 destinations in Brazil[note 3] and the capital cities of Chile and Paraguay. Montevideo, Uruguay: Capacity: 10,000: Chairman: José Luis Palma: Coach: Marcelo Méndez: League: Primera División: 2019: Primera División, 5th: Home colours. This is a category about a Uruguayan monument identified by the ID. The percentage further increases to 82.4% when cattle breeding is linked to other farm activities such as dairy, forage, and rotation with crops such as rice. The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. There are ten national parks in Uruguay: Five in the wetland areas of the east, three in the central hill country, and one in the west along the Rio Uruguay. Under pressure from organized labor and the National Party, Baldomir advocated free elections, freedom of the press, and a new constitution. [14] Uruguay is a founding member of the United Nations, OAS, Mercosur and the Non-Aligned Movement. [36] During this authoritarian period, the government took steps toward the organization of the country as a modern state, encouraging its economic and social transformation. [22] Besides stressing the importance of upholding spiritual over materialistic values, it also stresses resisting cultural dominance by Europe and the United States. Occupying one end of a Church-owned city block in Montevideo's most exclusive neighborhood, Carrasco, the Montevideo Uruguay Temple adds to the wide range of architectural styles found along the city's southeast coast. [32], In accordance with the 1851 treaties, Brazil intervened militarily in Uruguay as often as it deemed necessary. Parque Rodo Castillo - Montevideo - Uruguay (34470770523).jpg 2,340 × 1,755; 250 KB PersonnagesCandombe2018.jpg 1,181 × 782; 882 KB Pintura Mural Homenaje al … [22], Tango has also affected Uruguayan culture, especially during the 20th century, particularly the '30s and '40s with Uruguayan singers such as Julio Sosa from Las Piedras. The law was voted at the Uruguayan Senate on the same date with 16 votes to approve it and 13 against. [22] In 2017 the average total fertility rate (TFR) across Uruguay was 1.70 children born per woman, below the replacement rate of 2.1, it remains considerably below the high of 5.76 children born per woman in 1882. The temple has a single spire topped by a statue of the angel Moroni and the exterior is asa branca granite. Uruguay no longer imports electricity. [133] MercoPress is an independent news agency focusing on news related to Mercosur and is based in Montevideo. The 19th-century painter Juan Manuel Blanes, whose works depict historical events, was the first Uruguayan artist to gain widespread recognition. [125], Public education is the primary responsibility of three institutions: the Ministry of Education and Culture, which coordinates education policies, the National Public Education Administration, which formulates and implements policies on early to secondary education, and the University of the Republic, responsible for higher education. More than 97%[102] of Uruguay's electricity comes from renewable energy. [19][20] Several lagoons are found along the Atlantic coast. [35] This division of power lasted until the President Jose Batlle y Ordonez instituted his political reforms which caused the last uprising by Blancos in 1904 that ended with the Battle of Masoller and the death of Blanco leader Aparicio Saravia. It borders Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, with the Río de la Plata (Silver River) to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. In 1907 divorce was legalized and, in 1909 all religious instruction was banned from state schools. [24] Following the referendum, the armed forces announced a plan for the return to civilian rule, and national elections were held in 1984. [117] Under the influence of the innovative Colorado reformer José Batlle y Ordóñez (1903–1911), complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917. The club were disaffiliated from the second professional division of the Uruguayan Football Association in 2007 and re-entered the league for 2008-2009 at the third level, which is the bottom and the only amateur level of the league's pyramid, named the Segunda División Amateur. [79] El Día was the nation's most prestigious paper until its demise in the early 1990s, founded in 1886 by the Colorado party leader and (later) president José Batlle y Ordóñez. The highest point in the country is the Cerro Catedral, whose peak reaches 514 metres (1,686 ft) AMSL in the Sierra Carapé hill range. ", "World Cup 2010: Diego Forlan collects Golden Ball award", The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking – Ranking Table, "Uruguay "exported" 1.414 football players in the last decade", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Uruguay, Countries and dependencies of South America, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Secretariat for Multidimensional Security, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uruguay&oldid=1007561981, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1825, Articles containing Guarani-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles containing Portuguese-language text, Articles with failed verification from April 2017, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2011, Articles with disputed statements from September 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from September 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Category:Club Uruguay, Montevideo. 1,640 km 2 (633 sq mi) The department area is 530 square kilometres (200 sq mi) and the conurbated built-up area 1,110 square kilometres (430 sq mi). With a peak of 50,000 during the mid-1960s, Uruguay has the world's highest rate of aliyah as a percentage of the Jewish population. [140], Uruguay exported 1,414 football players during the 2000s, almost as many players as Brazil and Argentina. The country has several international bus services[98] connecting the capital and frontier localities to neighboring countries. There are two Montevideo-based football clubs, Nacional and Peñarol, who are successful in domestic and South American tournaments and have won three Intercontinental Cups each. [83] Gross public sector debt contracted in the second quarter of 2010, after five consecutive periods of sustained increase, reaching $21.885 billion US dollars, equivalent to 59.5% of the GDP.[85]. 25 August is celebrated as Independence Day, a national holiday. A 2008 survey by the INE of Uruguay showed Catholicism as the main religion, with 45.7% of the population; 9.0% are non-Catholic Christians, 0.6% are Animists or Umbandists (an Afro-Brazilian religion), and 0.4% Jewish. [31] Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. [22] Its median age is 35.3 years, is higher than the global average[24] due to its low birth rate, high life expectancy, and relatively high rate of emigration among younger people. [116] Uruguay's secularization began with the relatively minor role of the church in the colonial era, compared with other parts of the Spanish Empire. The only country in South America that is smaller than Uruguay is Suriname. [122] Lessa, F. and Druliolle, V. Since its independence, the country has been known as la República Oriental del Uruguay, which literally translates to "the Eastern Republic of the Uruguay [River]". Jump to navigation Jump to search. Uruguay Montevideo Football Club is a football club from Montevideo in Uruguay. The National Party's Luis Alberto Lacalle won the 1989 presidential election and amnesty for human rights abusers was endorsed by referendum. The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties: the conservative Blancos (Whites) headed by the second President Manuel Oribe, representing the agricultural interests of the countryside; and the liberal Colorados (Reds) led by the first President Fructuoso Rivera, representing the business interests of Montevideo. Pressure groups (consisting mainly of businessmen, hacendados, and industrialists) were organized and had a strong influence on government. [46], Following the 2001 Argentine credit default, prices in the Uruguayan economy made a variety of services, including information technology and architectural expertise, once too expensive in many foreign markets, exportable. [22], Uruguay has a small but growing film industry, and movies such as Whisky by Juan Pablo Rebella and Pablo Stoll (2004), Marcelo Bertalmío's Los días con Ana (2000; "Days with Ana") and Ana Díez's Paisito (2008), about the 1973 military coup, have earned international honours. Its beaches are divided into Mansa, or tame (river) side and Brava, or rugged (ocean) side. [90] The port of Nueva Palmira is a major regional merchandise transfer point and houses both private and government-run terminals. He drew from both Timbuktu and Mykonos to create his best-known work: his home, hotel and atelier Casapueblo near Punta del Este. Port of Montevideo; Location; Country: Uruguay: Location: Montevideo : Coordinates: Details; Operated by: Administración Nacional de Puertos History. [36], After the Guerra Grande, there was a sharp rise in the number of immigrants, primarily from Italy and Spain. Officials of both countries emphasized the need to end this rivalry in the name of regional integration in 2010. [81] Unemployment reached a record low of 5.4% in December 2010 before rising to 6.1% in January 2011. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Estadio Centenario is a stadium in the Parque Batlle neighborhood of Montevideo, Uruguay, used primarily for football.The stadium was built between 1929 and 1930 to host the inaugural 1930 FIFA World Cup, as well as to commemorate the centennial of Uruguay's first constitution.It is listed by FIFA as one of the football world's classic stadiums. [103][104] Most of the electricity comes from hydroelectric facilities and wind parks. [21], In Spanish colonial times, and for some time thereafter, Uruguay and some neighbouring territories were called the Cisplatina and Banda Oriental [del Uruguay] ("East Bank [of the Uruguay River]"), then for a few years the "Eastern Province". An armed group, known as the Tupamaros emerged in the 1960s, engaging in activities such as bank robbery, kidnapping and assassination, in addition to attempting an overthrow of the government. Blancos were given ⅓ of seats in Congress. [22] People of African descent make up an even smaller proportion of the total. [15] It ranks high on global measures of personal rights, tolerance, and inclusion issues[16] including its acceptance of LGBT people, ranking 5th in the world in the 2020 gay travel index. In 2004, Uruguayans elected Tabaré Vázquez as president, while giving the Broad Front a majority in both houses of Parliament. [79], Uruguay's long tradition of freedom of the press was severely curtailed during the years of military dictatorship. [34] After two years of struggle, a peace agreement was signed in 1872 that gave the Blancos a share in the emoluments and functions of government, through control of four of the departments of Uruguay. The airport can handle up to 4.5 million users per year. [96] However, rail passenger commuter service into Montevideo was restarted in 1993, and now comprises three suburban lines. Uruguay has about 1,200 km (750 mi) of operational railroad track. [115], Political observers consider Uruguay the most secular country in the Americas. [24], In 1813, the new government in Buenos Aires convened a constituent assembly where Artigas emerged as a champion of federalism, demanding political and economic autonomy for each area, and for the Banda Oriental in particular. [61] Uruguay ranked 27th in the Freedom House "Freedom in the World" index. Despite this agreement, Colorado rule was threatened by the failed Tricolor Revolution in 1875 and Revolution of the Quebracho in 1886. [87] However, 54% is in the hands of 11% of farmers, who have a minimum of 500 head.

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